Method of coating valve sleeves



p 3, 19292 HL- J. EDWARDS 1,727,302

HETHODDF COATING VALVE SLEEVES Qrigifial med m. 21, 1 25 Fig-1" INVENTOR.

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ATTORNEY 4.5 gines are frequently Zmade of Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT'OFFICE.

HENRY J. EDWARDS, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE WILLYS-OVERLAND COM- PANY,

OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OI OHIO.

METHOD OF COATING VALVE SLEEVES.

Original application filed December This invention is a division of my co-pending application, Serial Number 76,688, filed December 21, 1925, relating to metal-coated structures, and more particularly to metalcoated valve sleeves for internal combustion engines.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide for an internal combustion engine, a

sleeve that is composed of a structurally strong body portion and a bearing portion operations are of small number.

A further object of the invention is to provide a method of coating a ferrous valvesleeve formed of suitable metal, as for instance steel, with a low friction material, as for instance a non-ferrous metal, in such manner as to form oil grooves on the surface of the sleeve.

Other objects relating to details of struction and economies of manufacture, will appea-rfrom the description to follow, covering certain embodiments of the invention, which for the purpose of the present application I have illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

,Figure I is a side elevation of a finished valve-sleeve constructed according to the invention. I Fig. II is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the sleeve wall, the section being 40 taken substantially on line II-II of Fig. I. Fig. III is an enlarged sectional view-of a similar portion of a sleeve showing the lands before the final machining operation.

Valve sleeves for internal combustion ensteel in order to reduce their'weight, and when so made, the usual practice is to coat the sleeves with a nonferrous bearingr'netal as, for instance, Babbitt "metal or bronze. The purpose of the nonferrous metal is to reduce the friction of the movable sleeve, and to further this purpose, oil distributing grooves are machined in the outer surface of the finished sleeve. The present invention eliminates the machining o 21, 1925, Serial No. 76,688.

21, 1928. Serial No. 287,313.

con-

Divided and this application filed June the oil grooves, by depositing the metal forming the low-friction coating from a fluid state onto the sleeve proper, in the form of circumv ferential lands which are preferablv annular and separated one from the other, by grooves in which little or no metal is deposited.

In carrying out-the invention, I emp a valve-sleeve 1 preferably of ferrous metal,- upon which are deposited low friction, preferably non-ferrous metal, lands2 and3. Land 2 should be wide enough to provide considerable unbroken surface both above and below port 4, as the surface around the port lis subjected to high gas pressures and it is desirable to prevent gas leakage between the sleeve and its mating surface (not shown). Lands 3 may loy be much narrower, as their purpose is to guide the sleeve within the cylinder (not shown) and retain a supply -of suitable lubricant in the intervening grooves 5. The deposition 'of the non-ferrous metal composing lands 2 and 3 is preferably accomplished by a process which consists of blowing a spray of molten metal by a torch onto the surface (5 of ,the sleeve 1. I prefer to roughcn the surface of the sleeve by any suitable means preparatory to the spraying operation but the necessity for so doing Will depend upon the character of the surface of the unfinished sleeve. For: merly'thelow friction metal was applied so as to form a coating of substantially uniform thickness throughout the extent of the surface. The present invention consists in a deviation from this former practice in that great the metal unequally care is taken to deposit over the surface, preferably in the form of circumferential lands, having grooves of appreciable width between them. The procedure preferably followed in producing my improved sleeve is to machine the steel sleeve 1 with a slightly roughened surface 6,'ii1ount it in any suitable rotating device (not shown) and to revolve it adjacent the nozzle of. a metal spraying machine (not shown) such as has been referred to herein. The directing of the molten metal from the spray to the revolving sleeve may be accomplished either by using a number of spray nozzles, each one directed toward a spot on sleeve 1, at which it is desired to deposit a land 2 or 3, or by using a single movable nozzle. If the movable nozzle is used its travel parallel to the axis of the ld be intermittent and rotating sleeve shou rapid, the time interval between travels governing the depth of the metal deposit. The non-ferrous lands 3 should be built up to a slightly greater diameter't-han the clesired'di- 'ameter of the sleeve, and will have a rounded appearance as indicated in Fig. III. The

al operation consists in machining or grinding the lands to the desired finished diameter, after which the lands 2 and 3 will have true cylindrical surfaces with intermediate oil grooves as indicated in Figs. I and II.

It may be readily seen from the foregoing description that I have provided a metalcoated valve-sleeve and a method for making the same, in which both the metal and deposit ing operations and the machine operations are very much reduced over those existing prior to my invention and that the cost of manufacture is proportionately lessened.

While I have illustrated" and described somewhat in detail, certain embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that this showing and descriptionare illustrative only, and that I do not regard the invention as limited to details of construction illustrated and described, except in so far as I have included slich limitations within the terms of the following claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in the invention, broadly as well as specifically.-

claim: 1. The method ofcoating a metallic sleeve with a metal, which comprises rotating the v of the axis of said spaced portions 0 sleeve to e coated, and spraying molten metal thereon, said spraying being directed against f said sleeve so that annular'deposits are formed thereon. 7

'2. The method of coating a metallic sleeve with a metal, which comprises rotating the sleeve and spraying the molten metal thereon at spaced intervals extending longitudinally rotating sleeve.-

3. The method of forming a valve-sleeve for an internal combustion engine, which comprises forming a sleeve with a smaller diameter than the finished valve-sleeve, and

. g spraying moltenmetal on said sleeve in the orm of circumferential lands.

4.. The method of forming a valve-sleeve for an internal comb comprises forming a sleeve Wi smaller than the finished valve-sleeve, spraying molten meta'lon said sleeve in the form of circumferential lands of greater outside diameter than the finished valve-sleeve,v and subsequently machining the lands to the desired diameter. V

5. The method offorming a sleeve with circumferential depressions, which comprises spraying molten said sleeve in the form of spaced circumferential ridges, and subsequently machining said ridges to a finished diameter of a greater dimension than the diameter of the depressions.

6. The method of forming a sleeve with external annular'grooves, which comprises rotating the sleeve, spraying molten metal upon said sleeve at spaced intervals extending longitudinally of the a ustion engine, which th a diameter xis of rotation so as to form annular ro ecting lands, and subsequently machining the outside of said lands. 7. The method of coating a valve-sleeve for an internal combustionengine, which comprises rotating a sleeve having a smaller diameter than the finish recting a spray of tating sleeve in a cumferential lands on said valve-sleeve.

8. The method of forming a valve-sleeve I for all-internal comb prises forming a sleeve of smaller diameter than the finished valve-sleeve with" a rough ened surface, applying non-fri the form of circumferential lands of-greater outside diameter than the sleeve to the roughened surface, and subsequently machining the lands diameter. 1 y y g In testimony whereof, I aifix my signature.

molten metal onto said To ed valve-sleeve, and di ustion engine which com-.

ct-ion metal in finished valvemanner'to formspaced cirto the desired metal onto the surface of w 

